Author: Isreal Olabanji DST RN

osteomyelitis is an inflammation of bone and bone marrow. It may develop in jaws from bone infection or from other odontogenic causes. The spread of infection from dental pulp is in the direction of Periapical region. A number of tissue reactions may occur depending on the variety of circumstances. There is a transformation from one lesion to another in most cases. What is Osteomyelitis? It is an inflammation of the interior of bone especially involving the marrow spaces.    It is either acute, subacute or chronic and presents different clinical course depending on its nature. Acute Suppurative osteomyelitis   This…

Poor oral hygiene can lead to pulp diseases that require root canals, or worse. Learn about the types, symptoms, and treatments for oral pulp diseases. What is pulpitis?      Pulpitis or inflammation of dental pulp is the commonest cause of dental pain. Causes of Pulp disease      Most pulpitis is primarily as a result of dental caries secondary to bacteria invasion of dentine and pulp tissues. However, pulpal changes may occur in early caries limited to enamel alone as white spots. Bacteria invasion in the absence of caries occur in tooth fracture or as a result of bacteremia.…

Tooth trauma result from injuries to the teeth or the soft tissues usually following, Fall, Sports, Road traffic accident and Altercations. How does tooth trauma involve soft tissue? When tooth trauma involves soft tissue it may be simply bruises or frank lacerations. When it is a bruise this can be handled by cleaning the wound by an antiseptic agent and dressing in sterile gauze or better still left dry. An example of an antiseptic agent is:   1. Iodine.   2. Eusol purit.   3. Dettol.   4. Methylated spirit or other antiseptics you know of which are commonly used…

Anug Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis also known as trench mouth is a common, non-contagious infection of the gums with sudden onset. The main features are painful, bleeding gums, and ulceration of inter-dental papillae (the sections of gum between adjacent teeth). This is a disease characterized by rapidly progressive ulceration starting at the tips of the interdental papillae, spreading along the gingival margins and going to acute destruction of the periodontium. Etiology of Acute Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis    Fusospirochetal - Borrelia Vincenti and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Although there are other organisms which have been reported to reduce the oxygen tension for the anaerobes to…

Pneumonia is a disease of the lungs, caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and a number of other bacteria. The so-called lobar pneumonia is caused by pneumococcus and is the most severe and dramatic, starting suddenly and ending in a crisis. It is a very prostrating disease, and in the past has taken a heavy toll of human lives.  Signs And Symptoms of Pneumonia The infection begins with a severe chill.  The temperature rises quickly and there is a pain in the chest.  There is a short, dry, painful cough, and the rate of breathing is greatly increased.  The patient lies on the…

Smallpox is one of the most dreaded of all infectious diseases, and one of the most contagious. When smallpox is epidemic, not more than one or two out of every one hundred unvaccinated persons in a community are likely to escape the disease. It attacks old and young, male and female. From of old, there is no disease that has been more feared by the people in every land, than smallpox, for not only is it very contagious, but also extremely virulent. when it afflicts the unvaccinated the death rate ranges from 10 to 80 per cent. In case the…

Tetanus germs live in a place where there is but little oxygen. For this reason, deep penetrating wounds are the most dangerous. When they are contaminated by dirt or soiled clothes and sealed over by injured tissue, the danger that tetanus may develop is much greater. Tetanus causes Tetanus is caused by a toxin found in dirt, dust and animal feces produced by spores of bacteria, Clostridium tetani. They develop into bacteria that can produce a potent toxin, tetanospasmin, when the spores penetrate a deep flesh wound. The toxin activates the nerves (motor neurons) that control the muscles. The toxin…

Diphtheria is one of the most common infectious diseases than polio and it is accompanied with so much danger than polio. The mortality rate is high and the illness is distressing. According to medical research, the tragic thing about it is that it attacks children between the ages of two and five more than any other age, and it particularly affects the throat. At this age, their throats are so small that it does not take much to obstruct them. Also, it is difficult to explain to children of this age what their trouble is and why they are suffering.…

Kala Azar is a disease that is carried by insects. Thus, is a tropical disease which occurs mostly in Asia, Africa, southern Europe. Kala Azar disease carried by insects are found along the rivers, the disease is probably caused by sandfly (Phlebotomus) which carried a parasite called visceral Leishmaniasis. It can also be introduced into the skin through a fair piercing of the sandfly. According to scientific research, this disease is easily identified and examine under a microscope which reveals these protozoa. These microscopic parasites are said to enter the cells of the body,  especially the bone marrow, liver, spleen…

It is obvious that common cold is a disease that affects the respiratory system, and it occurs most often in the winter season (sometimes twice in a  year or anytime in a year. Most individuals those not count common cold as a serious disease or complicated disease, but the fact is any disease that is left untreated may be life treating to the patient. However, common cold causes so much disturbance to the patient suffering from this disease but we just choose to ignore it. The common cold is caused by or triggers by not limited to certain food: Roasted…