Author: Isreal Olabanji DST, RN

Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected sexual intercourse. Infertility may be attributed to the man, the woman, or both partners. Infertility does not mean that a couple is sterile and will never have a child. Approximately half of all couples who seek help for infertility will eventually conceive a child. There are several treatments available that may help to improve the chances of a conception and a successful pregnancy. In Africa, More than 100 thousand cases per year (Nigeria). Ages affected 14-60. And usually self-diagnosable and treated by a medical professional.  Causes of…

Polymelia is a birth defect involving limbs, in which the affected individual has more than the usual number of limbs. In humans and most land-dwelling animals, this means having four or more limbs. The extra limb is most commonly shrunken and/or deformed. In this disorder, shrunken limbs and arms are attached to the body parts. There are two basic reasons for this type of disorder, first, it can be because of the embryo developing in the fetus. Sometimes an embryo started as conjoined twins, but one twin degenerated completely except for one or more limbs, which end up attached to…

Langenbeck retractor is a simple handheld instrument with a flat blade bent down at right angles to the handle. Useful for temporary retraction of soft tissue. Amongst the surgical instruments which are used commonly by surgeons and doctors, retractors are one of them.  What is a langenbeck retractor? A retractor is an instrument that helps the surgeon in widening an incision or a wound. It can also be used to hold back the tissues and organs which fall near the incision so that the surgeon can easily access the area which is wounded and operate in an easier manner.  Types…