As the dental profession evolves, there is an increasing demand for supplementary material that can keep up with advancing trends. ‘Hands-on’ practical experience is essential for anyone in the dental profession, and this needs to be supplemented with written information to reinforce our practical experiences.
A dental surgery contains instruments and equipment of various shapes, sizes and functions. The most oral surgery instruments commonly used during the procedure are:
- 1. Oral Surgery Instrument: Straight Elevators
- 2. Oral Surgery Instrument: Periosteal Elevator
- 3. Oral Surgery Instrument: Root-Tip Picks
- 4. Oral Surgery Instrument: Root Elevators/ Cryers
- 5. Oral Surgery Instrument: Root-Tip Elevators
- 6. Oral Surgery Instrument: Bone File
- 7.Oral Surgery Instrument: Maxillary Universal Forceps are also known as Cryer 150
- 8. Oral Surgery Instrument: Maxillary Right Forceps
- 9. Dental Surgery Instrument: Maxillary Left Forceps
- 10.Dental Surgery Instrument: Mandibular Universal Forceps
- 11. Dental Surgery Instrument: Universal Mandibular Forceps
- 12.Dental Surgery Instrument: Rongeur
- 13. Dental Surgery Instrument: Bone Chisel
- 14. Oral Surgery Instrument: Surgical Curette
- 15. Oral Surgery Instrument: Surgical Evacuation Tip
- Extraction Tray set-up
- Suture removal tray set-up
- Suture tray set-up
1. Oral Surgery Instrument: Straight Elevators
Uses: To loosen the tooth from periodontal ligaments before extraction. To separate and lift tooth from the socket.
Characteristics: Single-ended. Variety of sizes.
2. Oral Surgery Instrument: Periosteal Elevator
Uses: To provide indirect vision
To retract lips, cheeks, and a tongue To reflect light into the mouth
Characteristics: Accurate image from the flat surface mirrors, image magnified with concave mirrors.
3. Oral Surgery Instrument: Root-Tip Picks
Uses: To lift and remove small root tips in difficult areas
Characteristics: Pointed at the working end. Straight or right-and-left pairs.
4. Oral Surgery Instrument: Root Elevators/ Cryers
Uses: To loosen root. To separate and lift tooth from the socket. To use on posterior teeth
Characteristics: Single-ended. Can be right or left. Variety of sizes.
5. Oral Surgery Instrument: Root-Tip Elevators
Uses: To lift and remove fragments of root
Characteristics: Single-ended. Rounded or pointed.
Straight or right-and-left pairs
6. Oral Surgery Instrument: Bone File
Uses: To remove or smooth edges of alveolar bone
Characteristics: Used in push-pull motion; straight- cut or cross-cut cutting end; a variety of sizes, angles, and shapes.
7.Oral Surgery Instrument: Maxillary Universal Forceps are also known as Cryer 150
Uses: To extract maxillary central, laterals, cuspids, premolars, and roots
Characteristics: Has straight handles or one curved handle
8. Oral Surgery Instrument: Maxillary Right Forceps
Uses: To extract the trifurcated maxillary right first or second molars
Characteristics: Has right-split beak to engage the lingual root
9. Dental Surgery Instrument: Maxillary Left Forceps
Uses: To extract trifurcated maxillary left first or second molars
Characteristics: Has left-split beak to engage the lingual root.
Related Tray Set-up
- Dental Amalgam tray set-up (Silver-Colored Dental Fillings)
- Dental tray setup for composite fillings
- CROWN PREP TRAY SET-UP INSTRUMENTS
10.Dental Surgery Instrument: Mandibular Universal Forceps
Uses: To extract mandibular central, laterals, cuspids, premolars, and roots
Characteristics: Has straight handles or one curved handle.
11. Dental Surgery Instrument: Universal Mandibular Forceps
Uses: To extract mandibular first and second molars
Characteristics: Straight handles or one curved handle
12.Dental Surgery Instrument: Rongeur
Uses: To trim and remove excess alveolar bone after extraction
Characteristics: Variety of sizes and angles.
13. Dental Surgery Instrument: Bone Chisel
Uses: To split or section a tooth for easier removal by tapping on the chisel with a mallet; to reshape or contour alveolar bone
Characteristics: Single-level chisel for contouring or removing alveolar bone; bilevel chisel for splitting teeth; a variety of sizes.
14. Oral Surgery Instrument: Surgical Curette
Uses: To remove debris or granulation tissue from surgical site; to remove a cyst from extraction site or surgical site; to use for gross tissue debridement.
Characteristics: Various sizes and shapes; single or double-ended.
15. Oral Surgery Instrument: Surgical Evacuation Tip
Uses: To evacuate fluid from the oral cavity and surgical sites
Characteristics: Stainless steel, autoclavable plastic, or disposable plastic; tips narrow to accommodate surgical site; attaches to tubing on dental unit.
Extraction Tray set-up
- Cotton Rolls
- Topical Anesthetic
- 2×2 Gauzes
- Needle (Short for Maxillary; Long for Mandibular)
- Anesthetic Carpules
- Syringe
- Mouth Mirror
- Explorer/ Perioprobe
- Small Elevator
- Large Elevator
- Periosteal
- Surgical Curette
- Forcep:
- Teeth #1-3: 88R
- Teeth #4-13: 150
- Teeth #14-16: 88L
- Teeth #17-19: Cowhorn 23
- Teeth #20-29: 151
- Teeth #30-32: Cowhorn 23
Suture removal tray set-up
- Explorer/ Perioprobe Suture Scissors
- Mouth Mirror Cotton Rolls
- Cotton Forcep 6. 2×2 Gauzes
- Suture Scissors
- Mouth Mirror
- Cotton Rolls
- 2×2 Gauzes
Suture tray set-up
- Suture and Needle
- Suture Scissors
- 2×2 Gauze Cotton Forcep
- Cotton Rolls Mouth Mirror
- Hemostat
- Suture Scissors
- Mouth Mirror.
This guide is for students working and studying in the dental profession. It may be used as a study aid or as a reference guide.
RELATED READING
- Dental Explorer: Periodontal Instrument, Dental Excavator,and their uses
- Top 10 Instruments Used for Dental Extraction
- 10 Basic Prophylaxis Tray Setup
- 8 Oral Hygiene Tips for Healthy, White Teeth
- 7 Reasons Why Dental Cleanings Are Essential for Better Health
- Dental care tips you can start using today
Isreal olabanji a dental assistant and public health professionals and has years of experience in assisting the dentist with all sorts of dental issues.
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The content is intended to augment, not replace, information provided by your clinician. It is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Reading this information does not create or replace a doctor-patient relationship or consultation. If required, please contact your doctor or other health care provider to assist you to interpret any of this information, or in applying the information to your individual needs.